The last card of the ancient universe restored according to the "dead" satellites

Astronomers working with the satellite mapping of the universe, presented the final set treated with the project data. What you see above - is the newest image to the oldest of the visible light in the universe - the microwave radiation, that reminds us of what the universe was just a few hundred thousand years after the Big Bang.

The European Space Agency launched the satellite "Planck" in 2009, and his telescope completed data collection in 2013. Scientists have released the first set of data in 2013, another in 2015 and the last, "outdated" data set - in the last week, but he did not answer all the remaining questions about the early universe.

"Plank" is dead, but the mission continues

During his mission, "Plank" measured the glow of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) with high precision. After the Big Bang, physicists believe, the universe expanded rapidly, and then began to cool, though the consequences of this expansion we are seeing today. The light that was born approximately 380,000 years after the Big Bang, when the atoms began to capture electrons, traveling to us all the time that scientists have measured it on the ground. The Expanding Universe so much stretched the wavelength of light that they have microwaves. This light can be seen in any direction, wherever you look, and it is a structure of the early universe. The glow of the microwave background is incredibly uniform. Although map it appears reddish blue and spotty, these colors are the temperature difference in the tiny fraction of a degree, on average, 2 to 7 degrees above absolute zero.

Why did scientists "Plank" released this card in 2018, if the satellite is finished collecting data in 2013? The data set for 2015 has been limited because of the polarization of the data or the direction of the light wave, pointing perpendicular to the direction of its movement, were not of high quality. Recent data has been processed and given scientists more confidence on the polarization and temperature data. But many questions still remain polarized, Nature reports.

CMB offers evidence in support of the current understanding of the universe, full of dark matter and dark energy. It also supports the cosmic inflation, and a method for measuring the speed at which the universe is currently expanding. Last measurement of this speed, "Hubble constant" is 67, 4 km / c / Mpc. This means that every 3, 26 million light-years separation distance (Mpc), the universe is expanding at 67, 4 kilometers per second. It's just a measurement of "bar" that is, by the way, is not consistent with other measurements made by the satellite "Gaia" or space telescope "Hubble", which determines the Hubble constant of 73, 5 km / s / Mpc. This is an important question in physics, so scientists are looking for other ways to confirm the Hubble constant.

Nature reports that scientists have already moved on to other missions, but some fear that in the near future missions in space, dedicated to the CMB, will not. Perhaps this is the end of the era of "Plank". But the study of the cosmic microwave background continue.